Why it looks like this

Northwest of Pune, the villages of Pimpri, Chinchwad, Bhosari and Akurdi were chosen for planned industrial estates in the postwar decades; truck and car factories (Tata, Bajaj and others) and hundreds of workshops followed, all feeding off the Mumbai–Pune corridor.

The result is a city of nearly two million that most outsiders have never heard of: factory campuses and planned townships along the highway spine, with older village cores and fast-built housing filling the spaces between.